Dataset statistics
| Number of variables | 12 |
|---|---|
| Number of observations | 683 |
| Missing cells | 0 |
| Missing cells (%) | 0.0% |
| Duplicate rows | 0 |
| Duplicate rows (%) | 0.0% |
| Total size in memory | 64.2 KiB |
| Average record size in memory | 96.2 B |
Variable types
| NUM | 11 |
|---|---|
| CAT | 1 |
Reproduction
| Analysis started | 2020-07-03 14:08:18.336084 |
|---|---|
| Analysis finished | 2020-07-03 14:08:39.418573 |
| Duration | 21.08 seconds |
| Version | pandas-profiling v2.8.0 |
| Command line | pandas_profiling --config_file config.yaml [YOUR_FILE.csv] |
| Download configuration | config.yaml |
UniformityOfCellShape is highly correlated with UniformityOfCellSize | High correlation |
UniformityOfCellSize is highly correlated with UniformityOfCellShape | High correlation |
df_index has unique values | Unique |
| Distinct count | 683 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 100.0% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 351.35578330893117 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 0 |
| Maximum | 698 |
| Zeros | 1 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.1% |
| Memory size | 5.3 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 35.1 |
| Q1 | 176.5 |
| median | 355 |
| Q3 | 526.5 |
| 95-th percentile | 663.9 |
| Maximum | 698 |
| Range | 698 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 350 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 202.5639269 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.5765208275 |
| Kurtosis | -1.208617879 |
| Mean | 351.3557833 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 175 |
| Skewness | -0.02098897312 |
| Sum | 239976 |
| Variance | 41032.14449 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 698 | 1 | 0.1% | |
| 230 | 1 | 0.1% | |
| 239 | 1 | 0.1% | |
| 238 | 1 | 0.1% | |
| 237 | 1 | 0.1% | |
| 236 | 1 | 0.1% | |
| 234 | 1 | 0.1% | |
| 233 | 1 | 0.1% | |
| 232 | 1 | 0.1% | |
| 231 | 1 | 0.1% | |
| Other values (673) | 673 | 98.5% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0 | 1 | 0.1% | |
| 1 | 1 | 0.1% | |
| 2 | 1 | 0.1% | |
| 3 | 1 | 0.1% | |
| 4 | 1 | 0.1% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 698 | 1 | 0.1% | |
| 697 | 1 | 0.1% | |
| 696 | 1 | 0.1% | |
| 695 | 1 | 0.1% | |
| 694 | 1 | 0.1% |
ID
Real number (ℝ≥0)
| Distinct count | 630 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 92.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 1076720.2269399706 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 63375 |
| Maximum | 13454352 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 5.3 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 63375 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 413929.8 |
| Q1 | 877617 |
| median | 1171795 |
| Q3 | 1238705 |
| 95-th percentile | 1334001.2 |
| Maximum | 13454352 |
| Range | 13390977 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 361088 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 620644.0477 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.576420905 |
| Kurtosis | 257.3684102 |
| Mean | 1076720.227 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 104296 |
| Skewness | 13.74841025 |
| Sum | 735399915 |
| Variance | 3.851990339e+11 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 1182404 | 6 | 0.9% | |
| 1276091 | 5 | 0.7% | |
| 1198641 | 3 | 0.4% | |
| 704097 | 2 | 0.3% | |
| 1321942 | 2 | 0.3% | |
| 695091 | 2 | 0.3% | |
| 1017023 | 2 | 0.3% | |
| 385103 | 2 | 0.3% | |
| 1070935 | 2 | 0.3% | |
| 1240603 | 2 | 0.3% | |
| Other values (620) | 655 | 95.9% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 63375 | 1 | 0.1% | |
| 76389 | 1 | 0.1% | |
| 95719 | 1 | 0.1% | |
| 128059 | 1 | 0.1% | |
| 142932 | 1 | 0.1% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 13454352 | 1 | 0.1% | |
| 8233704 | 1 | 0.1% | |
| 1371920 | 1 | 0.1% | |
| 1371026 | 1 | 0.1% | |
| 1369821 | 1 | 0.1% |
ClumpThick
Real number (ℝ≥0)
| Distinct count | 10 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 1.5% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 4.44216691068814 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 1 |
| Maximum | 10 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 5.3 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 1 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 1 |
| Q1 | 2 |
| median | 4 |
| Q3 | 6 |
| 95-th percentile | 10 |
| Maximum | 10 |
| Range | 9 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 4 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 2.820761319 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.6349966977 |
| Kurtosis | -0.6331245309 |
| Mean | 4.442166911 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 2 |
| Skewness | 0.5876542361 |
| Sum | 3034 |
| Variance | 7.956694418 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 1 | 139 | 20.4% | |
| 5 | 128 | 18.7% | |
| 3 | 104 | 15.2% | |
| 4 | 79 | 11.6% | |
| 10 | 69 | 10.1% | |
| 2 | 50 | 7.3% | |
| 8 | 44 | 6.4% | |
| 6 | 33 | 4.8% | |
| 7 | 23 | 3.4% | |
| 9 | 14 | 2.0% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 1 | 139 | 20.4% | |
| 2 | 50 | 7.3% | |
| 3 | 104 | 15.2% | |
| 4 | 79 | 11.6% | |
| 5 | 128 | 18.7% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 10 | 69 | 10.1% | |
| 9 | 14 | 2.0% | |
| 8 | 44 | 6.4% | |
| 7 | 23 | 3.4% | |
| 6 | 33 | 4.8% |
| Distinct count | 10 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 1.5% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 3.150805270863836 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 1 |
| Maximum | 10 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 5.3 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 1 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 1 |
| Q1 | 1 |
| median | 1 |
| Q3 | 5 |
| 95-th percentile | 10 |
| Maximum | 10 |
| Range | 9 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 4 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 3.065144856 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.9728131675 |
| Kurtosis | 0.0736791399 |
| Mean | 3.150805271 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0 |
| Skewness | 1.226404096 |
| Sum | 2152 |
| Variance | 9.395112987 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 1 | 373 | 54.6% | |
| 10 | 67 | 9.8% | |
| 3 | 52 | 7.6% | |
| 2 | 45 | 6.6% | |
| 4 | 38 | 5.6% | |
| 5 | 30 | 4.4% | |
| 8 | 28 | 4.1% | |
| 6 | 25 | 3.7% | |
| 7 | 19 | 2.8% | |
| 9 | 6 | 0.9% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 1 | 373 | 54.6% | |
| 2 | 45 | 6.6% | |
| 3 | 52 | 7.6% | |
| 4 | 38 | 5.6% | |
| 5 | 30 | 4.4% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 10 | 67 | 9.8% | |
| 9 | 6 | 0.9% | |
| 8 | 28 | 4.1% | |
| 7 | 19 | 2.8% | |
| 6 | 25 | 3.7% |
| Distinct count | 10 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 1.5% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 3.2152269399707176 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 1 |
| Maximum | 10 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 5.3 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 1 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 1 |
| Q1 | 1 |
| median | 1 |
| Q3 | 5 |
| 95-th percentile | 10 |
| Maximum | 10 |
| Range | 9 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 4 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 2.988580818 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.929508515 |
| Kurtosis | -0.01681562061 |
| Mean | 3.21522694 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0 |
| Skewness | 1.157890012 |
| Sum | 2196 |
| Variance | 8.931615308 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 1 | 346 | 50.7% | |
| 10 | 58 | 8.5% | |
| 2 | 58 | 8.5% | |
| 3 | 53 | 7.8% | |
| 4 | 43 | 6.3% | |
| 5 | 32 | 4.7% | |
| 7 | 30 | 4.4% | |
| 6 | 29 | 4.2% | |
| 8 | 27 | 4.0% | |
| 9 | 7 | 1.0% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 1 | 346 | 50.7% | |
| 2 | 58 | 8.5% | |
| 3 | 53 | 7.8% | |
| 4 | 43 | 6.3% | |
| 5 | 32 | 4.7% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 10 | 58 | 8.5% | |
| 9 | 7 | 1.0% | |
| 8 | 27 | 4.0% | |
| 7 | 30 | 4.4% | |
| 6 | 29 | 4.2% |
MarginalAdhesion
Real number (ℝ≥0)
| Distinct count | 10 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 1.5% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 2.830161054172767 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 1 |
| Maximum | 10 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 5.3 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 1 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 1 |
| Q1 | 1 |
| median | 1 |
| Q3 | 4 |
| 95-th percentile | 10 |
| Maximum | 10 |
| Range | 9 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 3 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 2.86456219 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 1.012155187 |
| Kurtosis | 0.9424072094 |
| Mean | 2.830161054 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0 |
| Skewness | 1.509181064 |
| Sum | 1933 |
| Variance | 8.205716543 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 1 | 393 | 57.5% | |
| 3 | 58 | 8.5% | |
| 2 | 58 | 8.5% | |
| 10 | 55 | 8.1% | |
| 4 | 33 | 4.8% | |
| 8 | 25 | 3.7% | |
| 5 | 23 | 3.4% | |
| 6 | 21 | 3.1% | |
| 7 | 13 | 1.9% | |
| 9 | 4 | 0.6% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 1 | 393 | 57.5% | |
| 2 | 58 | 8.5% | |
| 3 | 58 | 8.5% | |
| 4 | 33 | 4.8% | |
| 5 | 23 | 3.4% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 10 | 55 | 8.1% | |
| 9 | 4 | 0.6% | |
| 8 | 25 | 3.7% | |
| 7 | 13 | 1.9% | |
| 6 | 21 | 3.1% |
SingleEpithelialCellSize
Real number (ℝ≥0)
| Distinct count | 10 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 1.5% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 3.234260614934114 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 1 |
| Maximum | 10 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 5.3 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 1 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 1 |
| Q1 | 2 |
| median | 2 |
| Q3 | 4 |
| 95-th percentile | 8 |
| Maximum | 10 |
| Range | 9 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 2 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 2.223085456 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.6873550777 |
| Kurtosis | 2.129639279 |
| Mean | 3.234260615 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0 |
| Skewness | 1.703716401 |
| Sum | 2209 |
| Variance | 4.942108947 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 2 | 376 | 55.1% | |
| 3 | 71 | 10.4% | |
| 4 | 48 | 7.0% | |
| 1 | 44 | 6.4% | |
| 6 | 40 | 5.9% | |
| 5 | 39 | 5.7% | |
| 10 | 31 | 4.5% | |
| 8 | 21 | 3.1% | |
| 7 | 11 | 1.6% | |
| 9 | 2 | 0.3% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 1 | 44 | 6.4% | |
| 2 | 376 | 55.1% | |
| 3 | 71 | 10.4% | |
| 4 | 48 | 7.0% | |
| 5 | 39 | 5.7% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 10 | 31 | 4.5% | |
| 9 | 2 | 0.3% | |
| 8 | 21 | 3.1% | |
| 7 | 11 | 1.6% | |
| 6 | 40 | 5.9% |
BareNuclei
Real number (ℝ≥0)
| Distinct count | 10 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 1.5% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 3.5446559297218156 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 1 |
| Maximum | 10 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 5.3 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 1 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 1 |
| Q1 | 1 |
| median | 1 |
| Q3 | 6 |
| 95-th percentile | 10 |
| Maximum | 10 |
| Range | 9 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 5 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 3.64385716 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 1.027986138 |
| Kurtosis | -0.7988441354 |
| Mean | 3.54465593 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0 |
| Skewness | 0.9900156547 |
| Sum | 2421 |
| Variance | 13.27769501 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 1 | 402 | 58.9% | |
| 10 | 132 | 19.3% | |
| 5 | 30 | 4.4% | |
| 2 | 30 | 4.4% | |
| 3 | 28 | 4.1% | |
| 8 | 21 | 3.1% | |
| 4 | 19 | 2.8% | |
| 9 | 9 | 1.3% | |
| 7 | 8 | 1.2% | |
| 6 | 4 | 0.6% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 1 | 402 | 58.9% | |
| 2 | 30 | 4.4% | |
| 3 | 28 | 4.1% | |
| 4 | 19 | 2.8% | |
| 5 | 30 | 4.4% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 10 | 132 | 19.3% | |
| 9 | 9 | 1.3% | |
| 8 | 21 | 3.1% | |
| 7 | 8 | 1.2% | |
| 6 | 4 | 0.6% |
BlandChromatin
Real number (ℝ≥0)
| Distinct count | 10 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 1.5% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 3.445095168374817 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 1 |
| Maximum | 10 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 5.3 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 1 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 1 |
| Q1 | 2 |
| median | 3 |
| Q3 | 5 |
| 95-th percentile | 8 |
| Maximum | 10 |
| Range | 9 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 3 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 2.449696573 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.7110678959 |
| Kurtosis | 0.1676456428 |
| Mean | 3.445095168 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 1 |
| Skewness | 1.095270469 |
| Sum | 2353 |
| Variance | 6.001013297 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 3 | 161 | 23.6% | |
| 2 | 160 | 23.4% | |
| 1 | 150 | 22.0% | |
| 7 | 71 | 10.4% | |
| 4 | 39 | 5.7% | |
| 5 | 34 | 5.0% | |
| 8 | 28 | 4.1% | |
| 10 | 20 | 2.9% | |
| 9 | 11 | 1.6% | |
| 6 | 9 | 1.3% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 1 | 150 | 22.0% | |
| 2 | 160 | 23.4% | |
| 3 | 161 | 23.6% | |
| 4 | 39 | 5.7% | |
| 5 | 34 | 5.0% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 10 | 20 | 2.9% | |
| 9 | 11 | 1.6% | |
| 8 | 28 | 4.1% | |
| 7 | 71 | 10.4% | |
| 6 | 9 | 1.3% |
NormalNucleoli
Real number (ℝ≥0)
| Distinct count | 10 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 1.5% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 2.869692532942899 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 1 |
| Maximum | 10 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 5.3 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 1 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 1 |
| Q1 | 1 |
| median | 1 |
| Q3 | 4 |
| 95-th percentile | 10 |
| Maximum | 10 |
| Range | 9 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 3 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 3.052666407 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 1.063760794 |
| Kurtosis | 0.4735882982 |
| Mean | 2.869692533 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0 |
| Skewness | 1.420431124 |
| Sum | 1960 |
| Variance | 9.318772193 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 1 | 432 | 63.3% | |
| 10 | 60 | 8.8% | |
| 3 | 42 | 6.1% | |
| 2 | 36 | 5.3% | |
| 8 | 23 | 3.4% | |
| 6 | 22 | 3.2% | |
| 5 | 19 | 2.8% | |
| 4 | 18 | 2.6% | |
| 7 | 16 | 2.3% | |
| 9 | 15 | 2.2% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 1 | 432 | 63.3% | |
| 2 | 36 | 5.3% | |
| 3 | 42 | 6.1% | |
| 4 | 18 | 2.6% | |
| 5 | 19 | 2.8% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 10 | 60 | 8.8% | |
| 9 | 15 | 2.2% | |
| 8 | 23 | 3.4% | |
| 7 | 16 | 2.3% | |
| 6 | 22 | 3.2% |
Mitoses
Real number (ℝ≥0)
| Distinct count | 9 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 1.3% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 1.603221083455344 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 1 |
| Maximum | 10 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 5.3 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 1 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 1 |
| Q1 | 1 |
| median | 1 |
| Q3 | 1 |
| 95-th percentile | 5 |
| Maximum | 10 |
| Range | 9 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 0 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 1.732674146 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 1.080745609 |
| Kurtosis | 12.27337364 |
| Mean | 1.603221083 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0 |
| Skewness | 3.511476241 |
| Sum | 1095 |
| Variance | 3.002159697 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 1 | 563 | 82.4% | |
| 2 | 35 | 5.1% | |
| 3 | 33 | 4.8% | |
| 10 | 14 | 2.0% | |
| 4 | 12 | 1.8% | |
| 7 | 9 | 1.3% | |
| 8 | 8 | 1.2% | |
| 5 | 6 | 0.9% | |
| 6 | 3 | 0.4% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 1 | 563 | 82.4% | |
| 2 | 35 | 5.1% | |
| 3 | 33 | 4.8% | |
| 4 | 12 | 1.8% | |
| 5 | 6 | 0.9% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 10 | 14 | 2.0% | |
| 8 | 8 | 1.2% | |
| 7 | 9 | 1.3% | |
| 6 | 3 | 0.4% | |
| 5 | 6 | 0.9% |
Class
Categorical
| Distinct count | 2 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 0.3% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 5.3 KiB |
| 2 | |
|---|---|
| 4 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 2 | 444 | 65.0% | |
| 4 | 239 | 35.0% |
Length
| Max length | 1 |
|---|---|
| Median length | 1 |
| Mean length | 1 |
| Min length | 1 |
Pearson's r
The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.
Spearman's ρ
The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.
Kendall's τ
Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.
Phik (φk)
Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.First rows
| df_index | ID | ClumpThick | UniformityOfCellSize | UniformityOfCellShape | MarginalAdhesion | SingleEpithelialCellSize | BareNuclei | BlandChromatin | NormalNucleoli | Mitoses | Class | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0 | 1000025 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 1 | 1 | 1002945 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 10 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| 2 | 2 | 1015425 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 3 | 3 | 1016277 | 6 | 8 | 8 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 7 | 1 | 2 |
| 4 | 4 | 1017023 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 5 | 5 | 1017122 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 8 | 7 | 10 | 9 | 7 | 1 | 4 |
| 6 | 6 | 1018099 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 10 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 7 | 7 | 1018561 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 8 | 8 | 1033078 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 2 |
| 9 | 9 | 1033078 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
Last rows
| df_index | ID | ClumpThick | UniformityOfCellSize | UniformityOfCellShape | MarginalAdhesion | SingleEpithelialCellSize | BareNuclei | BlandChromatin | NormalNucleoli | Mitoses | Class | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 673 | 689 | 654546 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 2 |
| 674 | 690 | 654546 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 675 | 691 | 695091 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 4 |
| 676 | 692 | 714039 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 677 | 693 | 763235 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
| 678 | 694 | 776715 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 679 | 695 | 841769 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 680 | 696 | 888820 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 3 | 7 | 3 | 8 | 10 | 2 | 4 |
| 681 | 697 | 897471 | 4 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 10 | 6 | 1 | 4 |
| 682 | 698 | 897471 | 4 | 8 | 8 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 10 | 4 | 1 | 4 |